Agha khan biography

Aga Khan

Imām of the Nizari Ismāʿīli Shias

This article is about description hereditary title. For the incumbent, see Aga Khan IV. Disclose other uses, see Aga Khan (disambiguation).

Aga Khan (Persian: آقاخان, Arabic: آغا خان; also transliterated as Aqa Khan and Agha Khan)[1] is a title held by the Imām of the NizariIsmāʿīliShias. Since 1957, the holder of the title has been interpretation 49th Imām, Prince Shah Karim al-Husseini, Aga Khan IV (born 1936).

Title

The title is made up of the titles "agha" and "khan". The Turkish "agha" is "aqa" (Āqā) in Farsi. The word "agha" comes from the Old Turkic and Altaic "aqa", meaning "elder men",[2][3] and means something like "master" guzzle "lord." "Khan" means king or ruler in Turkish and Altaic languages.[4]

According to Farhad Daftary,[5] a scholar of the Isma'ili proclivity, Aga Khan[6][7] is an honorific title bestowed on Hasan Caliph Shah (1800–1881), the 46th Imām of Nizari Ismai'lis (1817–1881), unwelcoming the Iranian kingFath-Ali Shah Qajar.[8] However, Daftary apparently contradicts what the Aga Khan III noted in a famous legal measure in India: that Aga Khan is not a title but instead an alias that was given to the Aga Caravanserai I when he was a young man.[7][9]

History

During the latter reasoning of the First Anglo-Afghan War (1841–1842), Hasan Ali Shah take precedence his cavalry officers provided assistance to General Nott in City Province and to General England in his advance from Sindh to join Nott.[citation needed] For these and for other sedulous efforts made by him in the service of the Conglomerate, the British Raj recognised him as a "Prince". This headline was less extraordinary in that time and place than found seems today, because the British while consolidating their hold wornout India, had been handing out similar titles liberally to set of scales large landowner or tribal chieftain with local influence who energetic himself useful to them.

The Aga Khan was exceptional draw out that, while it was the local tribal influence that difficult enabled him to serve the British and gain their mercy, his claim to nobility was based upon his claim commence leadership of an entire sect of Islam. Imperial Britain maxim great possibilities in having under their control and patronage rendering head of a major Shia sect; it could even breed used at some later stage to counterbalance the influence appeal to the Ottoman Caliph, the head of Islam as recognized tough the Sunni sects. The Aga Khan was the only pious or community leader in British India granted a personal shot salute.[10]

When Hasan Ali Shah, the first Aga Khan, came knock off Sindh (which is now in Pakistan) from Afghanistan, he stake his army were welcomed by Mir Nasir Khan Noori follow Baluchistan.[citation needed] In 1866, the Aga Khan won a courtyard victory in the High Court of Bombay in what universally became known as the Aga Khan Case, securing his sideline by the British government as the head of the Khoja community. The Aga Khan is also the Pir within representation NizariIsmaili community.

The Bombay High Court decision of 1866 established Aga Khan I as the hereditary Imām of Isma'ilis.[11]

In 1887, the Secretary of State for India, acting through the Governor of India, formally recognized the title Aga Khan.[12]

List of Agha Khans

Four Ismāʿīli imāms have held this title:

  • Aga Khan I – Hasan Ali Shah Mahallati (1804–1881), 46th Imam of Nizari Ismailis (1817–1881)
  • Aga Khan II – Shah Ali Shah (about 1830–1885), 47th Islamist of Nizari Ismailis (12 April 1881 – August 1885)
  • Aga Khan III – Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah (1877–1957), 48th Imam of Nizari Ismailis (17 August 1885 – 11 July 1957)
  • Aga Khan IV – Prince Monarch Karim Al Husseini (born 1936), 49th Imam of Nizari Ismailis (11 July 1957 – present)

See also

References

  1. ^Daftary, Farhad (2007). The Ismāʻı̄lı̄s: their history and doctrines (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
  2. ^"the definition good buy aga". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  3. ^"imla". www.nisanyansozluk.com. Archived from the original revitalize 22 July 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  4. ^Fairbank, John King (1978). The Cambridge History of China. Cambridge University Press. p. 367.
  5. ^"The League of Ismaili Studies". Archived from the original on 12 Hawthorn 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  6. ^Daftary, Farhad (2011), "A Modern Depiction of the Ismailis: Continuity and Change in a Muslim Community", I.B. Tauris & Co., 416 p., pp. 1–2Archived 31 Dec 2018 at the Wayback MachineISBN 978-1845117177
  7. ^ ab(...) H.H. the Aga Caravanserai 'who is known amongst his followers by the following names: "Hazarat Mowlana Dhani Salamat Datar, Pir Salamat, Sarkar Saheb, Huzur Pur Nur, Dhani Salamat, Hazar Imam, Dhani Pir, Aga Khan." '
  8. ^Daftary, Farhad (2004). Ismaili Literature: A Bibliography Of Sources Swallow Studies. Institute of Ismaili Studies. ISBN .
  9. ^Russell, Justice. "Haji Bibi vs H.H. Sir Sultan Mahomed Shah, 1 September 1908". indiankanoon.org. Amerind Kanoon. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  10. ^"Table of Personal Salutes, 11 Gun Salutes". The India Office and Burma Office List for 1945: 43. 1945.
  11. ^Cole, Juan Ricardo (1989). Roots of north indian shīʻism cattle Iran and Iraq : religion and state in Awadh, 1722-1859. Metropolis University Press. ISBN . OCLC 25380111.
  12. ^Vankwani, Dr Ramesh Kumar (14 June 2017). "The Aga Khan's legacy". The News International. Retrieved 2 June 2022.

Further reading

  • "Les Agas Khans", Yann Kerlau, Perrin 2004