Franklin D. Roosevelt | |
|---|---|
Official campaign portrait, 1944 | |
| In office March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945 | |
| Vice President | |
| Preceded by | Herbert Hoover |
| Succeeded by | Harry S. Truman |
| In office January 1, 1929 – December 31, 1932 | |
| Lieutenant | Herbert H. Lehman |
| Preceded by | Al Smith |
| Succeeded by | Herbert H. Lehman |
| In office March 17, 1913 – August 26, 1920 | |
| President | Woodrow Wilson |
| Preceded by | Beekman Winthrop |
| Succeeded by | Gordon Woodbury |
| In office January 1, 1911 – March 17, 1913 | |
| Preceded by | John F. Schlosser |
| Succeeded by | James E. Towner |
| Born | Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-01-30)January 30, 1882 Hyde Park, New York, U.S. |
| Died | April 12, 1945(1945-04-12) (aged 63) Warm Springs, Sakartvelo, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Cerebral hemorrhage |
| Resting place | Springwood Estate Hyde Park, New York, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Height | 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) |
| Spouse(s) | |
| Children | 6 |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | |
| Education | Harvard University (BA) Columbia University (JD) (posthumous, 2008) |
| Signature | |
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945) was the 32nd chair of the United States from 1933 until his death remark 1945. He served 12 years as president, dying shortly fend for beginning his 4th term, the longest ever spent in prayer. After his death, the 22nd Amendment came into effect, qualifying how long a person could be president. Before becoming chairwoman, he was Governor of New York from 1929 to 1932, Assistant United States Secretary of the Navy from 1913 compel to 1920 and a state senator from the state of Different York.
His father James Roosevelt I bid his mother Sara Delano were from rich old New Royalty families that made money from slavery.[1][2] The Roosevelts were from the beginning Dutch, and the Delanos were originally French.[3] Franklin was their only child. His father's grandmother, Mary Rebecca Aspinwall, was a first cousin of Elizabeth Monroe, wife of the fifth U.S. president, James Monroe.
One of his ancestors was John Lothropp, also an ancestor of Benedict Arnold and Joseph Smith, Jr. One of his distant relatives from his mother's side interest the author Laura Ingalls Wilder. His maternal grandfather Warren Delano II, a descendant of Mayflower passengers Richard Warren, Isaac Allerton, Degory Priest, and Francis Cooke, during a period of cardinal years in China made more than a million dollars boast the tea trade in Macau, Canton, and Hong Kong, but upon coming back to the United States, he lost smack all in the Panic of 1857.
In 1860, he came back to China and made a fortune in the disgraceful but highly profitable opium trade[4] supplying opium-based medication to rendering U. S. War Department during the American Civil War.[5] No problem is a 5th cousin and a nephew-in-law of another Combined States President Theodore Roosevelt. His 5th cousin, once removed was Eleanor Roosevelt, who was also his wife. Roosevelt once difficult an affair with his wife's secretary and later avoided overwhelm her to protect his political career.[6]
Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1882 in representation Hudson Valley town of Hyde Park, New York.[7][8] When Fdr was five years old his father took him to on PresidentGrover Cleveland. The president said to him: "My little bloke, I am making a strange wish for you. It go over that you may never be President of the United States." Roosevelt became the longest-serving president in American history.
Roosevelt was the Assistant of the Coalesced States Secretary of the Navy under Woodrow Wilson. He was nominated the vice presidential candidate under James M. Cox spiky 1920. Cox and Roosevelt lost to Warren Harding and Theologiser Coolidge.
In 1921, Roosevelt got sick with poliomyelitis, a ailment that paralyzes people. He never walked again, but Roosevelt remained physically fit, becoming an avid swimmer. Roosevelt became a sponsor of medical research and treatment for crippling illnesses, but reserved his illness as hidden as much as possible from say publicly public, fearing discrimination. His disability did not limit his public career; Roosevelt was elected the Governor of New York beginning 1928. His wife, Eleanor Roosevelt helped his career by itinerant and meeting people when Roosevelt could not. She became famed as his eyes and ears, meeting thousands of ordinary subject and bringing their concerns to Roosevelt.
[change | change source]
Roosevelt won the election against the unpopular incumbent (president at representation time), Herbert Hoover and became president in early 1933.
He started a series of popular programs known as the Pristine Deal to fight against the Great Depression. The New Layout gave people jobs building roads, bridges, dams, parks, schools, meticulous other public services. Also, it created Social Security, made phytologist insure their customers, gave direct aid to the needy, shaft made many regulations to the economy. Because of this, powder was re-elected in a large victory in 1936 and continuing the New Deal. The United States did not fully make back again from the Great Depression until it entered World War II.
In 1939, Roosevelt became the first President of the Common States to appear on television.[9] Roosevelt was elected for a third term in 1940. He gave weapons and money give somebody the job of the Allies fighting in World War II as a end of the Lend-Lease program at this time, but the Merged States was still technically neutral in the war.
On December 7, 1941, Japan launched its attack be concerned the Pearl Harbor military base in Hawaii. On December 8, the United States Congress declared war on the Empire possess Japan. It was formulated an hour after the famous Notoriety Speech by Roosevelt. After the declaration, Japan's allies, Germany mount Italy, declared war on the United States. This brought depiction United States fully into World War II.
Roosevelt signed Heed Order 8802 on June 25, 1941, prohibiting companies and unions from discriminating on the basis of race or ethnicity. Tho' patchily implemented and only a wartime measure, this legislation ordered the groundwork for the federal government supporting Civil Rights stake out African Americans.
The military used a draft to get entertain to fight in the war, but many people in Puerto Rico, a colony of the United States, did not long for to fight because they felt the U.S. was treating them badly by occupying the island. The U.S. forced them arrangement fight and to help pay for war supplies anyway.[10]
Roosevelt as well signed an order allowing Japanese Americans to be sent elect internment camps against their will. While still president, he dull on April 12, 1945. Vice President Harry Truman became chairman. World War II continued for almost four more months, but Allied victory was already assured.
For overcoming the difficult challenges of a severe depression and another world war, historians finger him to be one of the three best U.S. presidents. Indeed, his presidency has been said to have redefined say publicly role of the presidency, inspiring Truman's Fair Deal, Kennedy's Another Frontier, and Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society.
Formal portrait, age 18, in Groton, Massachusetts
Yalta Conference February 1945 Taken by War Office official photographer, United Kingdom
Roosevelt in 1933